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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that can be traced with exposure to asbestos which is a mineral that occurs naturally. The disease typically develops over the course of decades after the exposure. Doctors treat mesothelioma using chemotherapy radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three types. The stage and type of cells that comprise the tumor affect the prognosis. What is mesothelioma? The cancerous mesothelioma forms in the mesothelium (a thin layer of tissue that line internal organs). It is caused by exposure to asbestos which is a group of fibrous minerals. The exposure to asbestos typically occurs when people swallow or inhale asbestos fibers. These asbestos particles adhere to the lining of organs and irritate them, leading to tumors. The diagnosis of mesothelioma can be confirmed by doctors when they look at the tumors and collect a tissue sample also called a biopsy. Mesothelioma is classified according to type based on the type of cell found in the tumours. The three types are epithelial, sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma. Epithelial mesothelioma, the most frequent type, accounting for around 50% of all diagnoses. Sarcomatoid cancer accounts for 10 percent of cases and has a less favorable prognosis than epithelial mesothelioma. Biphasic mesothelioma has a mixture of epithelial as well as sarcomatoid cells, which accounts for 30% to 40 percent of all diagnoses. Mesothelioma symptoms include chest pain, abdominal pain and breathing difficulties. These symptoms are similar to symptoms of other conditions, so it is imperative to see your doctor if you suffer from these symptoms. Treatment for mesothelioma might help alleviate symptoms, slow tumor growth and allow patients live longer. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Palliative care is offered for patients and helps to manage discomfort and pain. Doctors continue to study ways to treat mesothelioma, and how it spreads. The latest treatments include immunotherapy, which relies on your body's immune system to fight cancer. This is a trial treatment that has shown promise in certain mesothelioma patients. Patients are also able to take part in clinical trials, which are studies of new treatments. Mesothelioma patients are typically treated in cancer centers with specialized doctors who treat the disease. Diagnosis A mesothelioma diagnosis can be the first step towards receiving treatment that will prolong your life. Your doctor will analyze your medical history and symptoms to determine the type of mesothelioma you are suffering from. This information is essential because the three mesothelioma cells respond differently to treatment. Your doctor might recommend an X-ray chest scan or CT scan as the first test. In this test, you lay on an X-ray table while the or CT machine produces a precise image of your chest and the organs surrounding it. Before the procedure, a small injection of dye, usually iodine, is given. This makes the tissue in your abdomen and chest lighter, making it easier to see. You might also be asked to take an exercise in breathing during this time. If these tests show the possibility of a cancerous tumor or mass your doctor will likely take the procedure of a biopsy. A biopsy involves removing a sample of the tumor or mass, either surgically or by inserting needles into the area. The sample is then examined under a microscope in order to look for mesothelioma cell. In some instances, our specialists use ultrasound to identify lymph nodes with enlarged lymphatic vessels that could be mesothelioma. This procedure is known as endobronchial ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy, or EBNA. This procedure is performed as an outpatient treatment, so you can return home on the same day. A mesothelioma expert will also need to determine your mesothelioma's stage. The stages are determined based on how the cancer has spread and the kind of mesothelioma you are suffering from. A mesothelioma expert can provide you with a reliable diagnosis to ensure that you get the best treatment. Treatment A patient's mesothelioma treatment plan will depend on how far the disease has advanced and their overall health. Patients who have mesothelioma usually receive multimodal treatment that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The first step to treating mesothelioma is to undergo a physical exam and telling your doctor about any asbestos exposures you may have been exposed to in the past. Doctors may also request scans of the blood and imaging to determine if mesothelioma is present and rule out any other ailments. These include CT (computerized tomography) scans; MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans as well as FDG-PET (fluorodeoxyglucose Postron emission Tomography) scans; and mediastinoscopy (used to examine and test lymph nodes within the chest cavity). Surgery is an option for most pleural mesothelioma cases. A patient can undergo a minimally-invasive procedure known as video-assisted surgery (VAT) or a CT-guided needle biopsy. Both surgeries can alleviate symptoms and increase the life expectancy of a patient. Chemotherapy is a treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells and prevent them from advancing. It is a common mesothelioma therapy and can extend the time of treatment. It is administered through intravenous drip (IV) or in pill form. Radiation therapy is a mesothelioma treatment that shrinks tumors and kill cancerous cells. It is used to treat pleural cancer at various stages, and also to ease pain and prolong the life span of patients. In lakeland mesothelioma attorneys of mesothelioma patients, doctors typically concentrate on reducing symptoms and extending the life of a patient to the maximum extent possible. This type of treatment is known as palliative care. While the mesothelioma-related survival rate is low, there are many survivors. Stephen Jay Gould was diagnosed with peritoneal peritoneal cancer in the year 1982. He lived another 20 years before passing away due to complications from another illness. Signs and symptoms Many people with mesothelioma have symptoms for months or even years before they are diagnosed. Early symptoms may be mistaken for other ailments or overlooked. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is essential to consult your doctor immediately. The organs of your body are wrapped in a layer of tissue known as mesothelium. This layer stops them from rubbing together. Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that targets mesothelium, the cell that line your organs. The lining surrounding your lungs is the most common area where mesothelioma first appears. But, it can be found in your heart (pericardium) and abdomen (peritoneum) or the surrounding lining of your testicles (tunica vulginalis). The initial symptoms of mesothelioma may include chest pain, fatigue and breathlessness. Mesothelioma can also cause an accumulation of fluid in the chest wall or lungs and cause an effusion in the pleura. A pleural effusion can put pressure on the lungs and cause difficulty breathing and cough. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma following a thorough medical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. They may request chest X-rays which can reveal signs of abnormalities such as thickening of the lung lining or fluid buildup in the chest wall. They can also request an MRI, CT scan or PET scan to take a closer look at your lung and other tissues in your body. They may also drain the fluid that collects in the pleura or the peritoneum through an ultrasound-guided aspiration procedure. A biopsy can determine which mesothelioma types are creating the tumor and how they grow. This will allow doctors to decide on the best treatment options. The three mesothelioma treatments are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The following is a list of preventatives. Mesothelioma cannot be prevented however you can reduce the risk by abstaining from asbestos and staying away from people with it. Exposure to asbestos may cause lung cancer as well as other ailments that affect the lining of certain organs. There are a variety of mesothelioma types and some of them are more serious than others. Certain types are simpler to treat than others. Asbestos is one of the minerals with tiny micro-sized fibers. It was utilized in industrial and construction materials by manufacturers who were unaware of its dangers. Blue-collar and veteran workers were particularly exposed to asbestos. Asbestos is now recognized to be hazardous and you should never reside in a house or work in an old factory which has asbestos. Discuss with your doctor regular screenings if your family has an earlier background of asbestos exposure. X-rays, CT or MRI scanners will reveal any issues in your lungs or abdomen. A biopsy may reveal an abnormality in the stomach lining or chest. Doctors can then analyze the tissue sample taken from the same area to determine whether you have mesothelioma. You may have pleural mesothelioma that affects your lungs' interior. Other kinds include peritoneal melanoma, pericardial mesothelioma or testicular mesothelioma. After asbestos exposure it may take many years before mesothelioma starts to manifest. Even so, it can be difficult to identify. It is often mistakenly diagnosed with other conditions or illnesses such as pneumonia, bronchitis, or lung cancer. This can hinder you from receiving the appropriate treatment. Researchers are trying to improve diagnosis and develop tests that can detect mesothelioma earlier. This could lead better treatments and a better survival rate. Genetic testing is used to determine those who are most likely to develop the disease.